Some populations undertake long seasonal migrations
Females give birth to live young after a gestation period of around 12 months
Non-migratory
Female guards the nest and cares for the eggs
Catadromous (migrates from freshwater to saltwater)
Migrates to the ocean to spawn
They exhibit migratory behavior during reproduction, moving from deeper waters to shallow coastal areas.
During reproduction, Eel Cods migrate to shallow coastal waters and release their eggs.
Egg-laying
Eelpouts do not undertake long-distance migrations, but they may move within their local habitats in search of food and suitable breeding sites.
During the breeding season, male eelpouts create nests in rocky crevices or burrows using algae and debris. Females deposit their eggs in the nests, and the males guard and aerate the eggs until they hatch.
N/A
Varies depending on species
No specific behavior known
Males build nests and females lay eggs
The male releases sperm over the eggs as they are laid by the female
Electric Rays are not known for long-distance migrations, but they may move in response to changes in water temperature, food availability, or reproductive needs.
During mating, the male Electric Ray uses specialized claspers to transfer sperm to the female. The female gives birth to live young after a gestation period of approximately 4 to 12 months.
Elephant Fish do not have a specific migration pattern.
During the breeding season, males attract females by releasing pheromones.
No specific migration pattern
Spawning
Spawns in the Sargasso Sea
Migrates from freshwater to the sea to spawn
Males change color and display patterns to attract females
Breeding pairs
Emperor fish have limited migratory behavior and tend to stay within their preferred habitats.
During the breeding season, male Emperor fish establish territories and perform courtship displays to attract females.
