Anadromous
Spawning in rivers
Shads migrate from the ocean to freshwater rivers to spawn. The migration can take place over long distances.
During spawning, female shads release thousands of eggs into the water, which are fertilized by the males. After spawning, the adults return to the ocean.
Many shark species exhibit migration patterns, moving between feeding and mating grounds.
Shark reproduction behavior varies between species. Some sharks exhibit complex courtship rituals, while others engage in direct mating.
Sharksuckers do not have a defined migration pattern. They move in response to the movement of their hosts.
The reproductive behavior of sharksuckers is not well-documented.
Non-migratory
Eggs are laid and fertilized externally
Some populations exhibit upstream migration for spawning
Nests are built by males, and females lay their eggs in the nests
Some populations migrate southwards during the winter
Spawning in offshore waters
Males attract females by flashing their colors and performing courtship displays
Some species migrate to spawn
Spawning in shallow waters
Unknown
Migratory
Spawning
Shovelnose Sturgeon exhibit anadromous migration patterns, meaning they spawn in freshwater but spend most of their lives in the marine environment.
During the spawning season, Shovelnose Sturgeon migrate upstream to spawn. They are broadcast spawners, which means they release their eggs and sperm into the water.
No specific migration pattern
Male carries the eggs on its belly until they hatch
Male builds a bubble nest and attracts a female to lay eggs
Upstream and downstream movements for spawning
Mass spawning in rivers during the spring
Group spawning